... by multiple proteins, providing insight into the link between WNT signalling and the ubiquitin–proteasome system. ERAD Proteolysis Ubiquitylation EVI/WLS Wnt signalling Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 259332240/RTG 2099 SFB1324 Cell–cell...

.../βTrCP-binding (SB) motif is critical for ZYG-1 degradation, substantiating a conserved mechanism by which ZYG-1/Plk4 stability is regulated by the SKP1–CUL1–F-box (Slimb/βTrCP)-protein complex (SCF Slimb/βTrCP )-dependent proteolysis via the conserved SB motif in C. elegans . Furthermore, we show...

... distinct chaperone that forms a tripartite complex with PBAC1 and PBAC2 to promote assembly of the 20S proteasome α-ring in Arabidopsis . Arabidopsis Chaperone Core protease Degradation Evolution Proteasome Proteolysis Proteostasis Regulatory particle Ubiquitin National...

... the recognition of cellular location signals embedded into the P2 residues of most proteins. N-end rule pathway Ubr1 Ubiquitin-mediated degradation Proteolysis Protein quality control Protein misfolding CytoQC N-degron Protein quality control (PQC) is an essential protein quality surveillance...

.... Acad. Sci. USA 91 , 10610 - 10614 . * Authors for correspondence ( ayokoyam@ncc.go.jp ; mcleary@stanford.edu ) ‡ These authors contributed equally to this work 25 2 2011 © 2011. 2011 MLL Degradation Proteolysis The mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) protein...

... ) 23 11 2010 © 2011. 2011 Fusion Dynamin-related proteins Mitochondria Proteolysis Ubiquitylation A proper control of membrane dynamics and content mixing between organelles is essential for cellular communication ( Martens and McMahon, 2008 ). Endocytosis and mitochondrial...

... for correspondence ( peter.sonderegger@bioc.uzh.ch ) 5 8 2010 © 2010. 2010 Agrin Neuromuscular junction Neurotrypsin Proteolysis Synaptogenesis During the initial stage of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) formation, nerve-derived agrin cooperates with muscle-autonomous mechanisms...

... APC/C Mitosis Proteolysis Cyclin Ubiquitin p53 Replication DNA damage The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a large multisubunit ubiquitin protein ligase that is essential for sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis. Because these events are crucial...

... to inhibit Spg1p signalling. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: viesturs.simanis@isrec.ch ) 19 11 2007 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2008 2008 Cytokinesis S. pombe GTPase activating protein (GAP) Proteolysis Coordination of mitosis and cytokinesis is important...

... function and, when deregulated, leads to the development of diseases such as polyQ disorders and other neurodegenerative conditions. e-mail: mikecz@uni-duesseldorf.de 4 4 2006 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2006 2006 Cell nucleus Proteasome Protein aggregation Proteolysis...

... nuclear proteolysis. Here, fluorogenic precursor substrates enabled detection of proteasomal activity in nucleoplasmic cell fractions (turnover 0.0541 μM/minute) and nuclei of living cells (turnover 0.0472 μM/minute). By contrast, cell fractions of nucleoli or nuclear envelopes did not contain proteasomal...

... of calpain activity. Knockout and knockdown approaches have also contributed significantly to our knowledge of calpain biology, particularly with respect to the specific functions of different calpain isoforms. The mechanisms by which calpain-mediated proteolysis of individual substrates contributes to cell...

... Caveolin-1 Proteases Proteolysis Invasion Extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation by proteases occurs at many stages of malignant progression, including local invasion, angiogenesis and intravasation and extravasation of tumors during metastasis ( Liotta et al., 1983 ; McCawley and Matrisian...

...Mustapha Lkhider; Roberta Castino; Edwige Bouguyon; Ciro Isidoro; Michèle Ollivier-Bousquet The 16 kDa prolactin fragment arises from partial proteolysis of the native 23 kDa prolactin pituitary hormone. The mammary gland has been involved in this processing, although it has not been clarified...

... for Enzyme, Research, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan 20 8 2003 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 VCP Ubiquitin Proteasome Proteolysis Aggresome The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is responsible for the constitutive degradation of most cellular...

...,suggesting that the Ubc6p function is highly conserved from yeast to mammals. ‡ Author for correspondence (e-mail: tsommer@mdc-berlin.de ) 10 5 2002 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2002 2002 Endoplasmic reticulum Ubiquitin Proteolysis Protein folding...

... Proteolysis Chaperone Translocation Transport Many intracellular proteins must be translocated across a membrane before they reach their proper intracellular location. Mechanisms of protein secretion across the plasma membrane of bacteria ( Nishiyama et al., 1999 ; Bernstein, 2000 ) as well...

... to the formation of spores. An mfr1 null mutant completes meiosis II but remains with high levels of cdc13 and cdc2 kinase activity and has considerably delayed spore formation. By analogy with the mitotic cell cycle, where proteolysis and inactivation of cdc2 kinase are necessary to trigger mitotic exit...

... Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium ‡ Author for correspondence ( e-mail: marc.mareel@rug.ac.be ) © 2001 by Company of Biologists 2001 E-cadherin/catenin complex Ectodomain shedding Matrix metalloproteinase Proteolysis Invasion E-cadherin is a calcium-dependent cell-cell...

... of Biologists 2000 Cdc6 Proteolysis S phase Cyclin-dependent kinase Duplication of nuclear DNA is strictly coordinated with the rest of the cell cycle so that it occurs only once before the cycle is reset at mitosis. Regulated initiation of mammalian DNA replication can now be achieved...