...: The WNT secretory factor EVI/WLS is ubiquitylated and linked to ER-associated degradation by multiple proteins, providing insight into the link between WNT signalling and the ubiquitin–proteasome system. ERAD Proteolysis Ubiquitylation EVI/WLS Wnt signalling Cell–cell communication...

.../βTrCP-binding (SB) motif is critical for ZYG-1 degradation, substantiating a conserved mechanism by which ZYG-1/Plk4 stability is regulated by the SKP1–CUL1–F-box (Slimb/βTrCP)-protein complex (SCF Slimb/βTrCP )-dependent proteolysis via the conserved SB motif in C. elegans . Furthermore, we show...

... distinct chaperone that forms a tripartite complex with PBAC1 and PBAC2 to promote assembly of the 20S proteasome α-ring in Arabidopsis . Arabidopsis Chaperone Core protease Degradation Evolution Proteasome Proteolysis Proteostasis Regulatory particle Ubiquitin National...

... signals embedded into the P2 residues of most proteins. N-end rule pathway Ubr1 Ubiquitin-mediated degradation Proteolysis Protein quality control Protein misfolding CytoQC N-degron Protein quality control (PQC) is an essential protein quality surveillance and degradation system...

... previously ( Donehower et al., 1992 ). * Authors for correspondence ( ayokoyam@ncc.go.jp ; mcleary@stanford.edu ) ‡ These authors contributed equally to this work 25 2 2011 © 2011. 2011 MLL Degradation Proteolysis The mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) protein...

.... , Langer T. ( 2007 ). Studying proteolysis within mitochondria . Methods Mol. Biol. 372 , 343 - 360 . Tatsuta T. , Model K. , Langer T. ( 2005 ). Formation of membrane-bound ring complexes by prohibitins in mitochondria . Mol. Biol. Cell 16 , 248 - 259 . Vetter...

... junction Neurotrypsin Proteolysis Synaptogenesis During the initial stage of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) formation, nerve-derived agrin cooperates with muscle-autonomous mechanisms in the formation and stabilization of a primitive postsynaptic specialization comprising clustered acetylcholine...

... APC/C Mitosis Proteolysis Cyclin Ubiquitin p53 Replication DNA damage The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a large multisubunit ubiquitin protein ligase that is essential for sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis. Because these events are crucial...

... to inhibit Spg1p signalling. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: viesturs.simanis@isrec.ch ) 19 11 2007 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2008 2008 Cytokinesis S. pombe GTPase activating protein (GAP) Proteolysis Coordination of mitosis and cytokinesis is important...

... function and, when deregulated, leads to the development of diseases such as polyQ disorders and other neurodegenerative conditions. e-mail: mikecz@uni-duesseldorf.de 4 4 2006 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2006 2006 Cell nucleus Proteasome Protein aggregation Proteolysis...

... nuclear proteolysis. Here, fluorogenic precursor substrates enabled detection of proteasomal activity in nucleoplasmic cell fractions (turnover 0.0541 μM/minute) and nuclei of living cells (turnover 0.0472 μM/minute). By contrast, cell fractions of nucleoli or nuclear envelopes did not contain proteasomal...

... of calpain activity. Knockout and knockdown approaches have also contributed significantly to our knowledge of calpain biology, particularly with respect to the specific functions of different calpain isoforms. The mechanisms by which calpain-mediated proteolysis of individual substrates contributes to cell...

... consistent with a reduction in the distribution of pro-uPA to caveolae of AS-cav-1 cells compared with control cells ( Fig. 4B ). Colorectal carcinoma Caveolin-1 Proteases Proteolysis Invasion In colorectal carcinomas, increased expression and activity of proteases contribute to degradation...

...Mustapha Lkhider; Roberta Castino; Edwige Bouguyon; Ciro Isidoro; Michèle Ollivier-Bousquet The 16 kDa prolactin fragment arises from partial proteolysis of the native 23 kDa prolactin pituitary hormone. The mammary gland has been involved in this processing, although it has not been clarified...

... Limited 2004 2004 VCP Ubiquitin Proteasome Proteolysis Aggresome The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is responsible for the constitutive degradation of most cellular proteins and regulates a remarkably large and diverse group of cellular processes by conditionally degrading proteins...

...,suggesting that the Ubc6p function is highly conserved from yeast to mammals. ‡ Author for correspondence (e-mail: tsommer@mdc-berlin.de ) 10 5 2002 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2002 2002 Endoplasmic reticulum Ubiquitin Proteolysis Protein folding...

... Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA 6 4 2001 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2001 2001 Lysosome Proteolysis Chaperone Translocation Transport Many intracellular proteins must be translocated...

... to the formation of spores. An mfr1 null mutant completes meiosis II but remains with high levels of cdc13 and cdc2 kinase activity and has considerably delayed spore formation. By analogy with the mitotic cell cycle, where proteolysis and inactivation of cdc2 kinase are necessary to trigger mitotic exit...

... cyclins. The cyclins are proteins whose concentration follows a sawtooth oscillation in step with cleavage. They are encoded by abundant maternal mRNAs. The level of cyclin Key words: cyclins, cell cycle, protein synthesis, proteolysis, mitosis. 78 jf. Minshull et al. Time after fertilization (min) 65 70...

... the transition between metaphase and anaphase (Hartwell, Key words: cell cycle, MPF, proteolysis, cdc2. 66 A. W. Murray G o Spindle correctly assembled? <30 Fig. 1. The somatic cell cycle in buddingyeast. The cell cycle is divided into four stages: G j, S, G 2 and M. The main points in the cell cycle where...