... by the number of cells, resulting in an average integrated optical density per cell. To plot data and perform statistical analysis, Prism software (GraphPad Software) was used. For stress fiber orientation, cell shape and cell orientation, three experiments were conducted to achieve a minimum of 30 cells...

... Traction-force imaging DC electric fields Cell orientation Osteoblasts Alignment due to direct-current (DC) electric field exposure has been observed in a variety of cells ( Cooper and Keller, 1984 ; Onuma and Hui, 1988 ; Harris et al., 1990 ; Nuccitelli and Erickson, 1983...

... chemotaxis chamber visual chemotaxis assay neutrophil chemotaxis fibroblast chemotaxis cell orientation diffusion theory chemotactic gradient formation and decay Helber bacteria counting chamber FMLP PDGF The Boyden chamber has become established as the routine method for studying chemotaxis...

... 1986 by Company of Biologists 1986 fibroblasts contact guidance grooved substrata microfabrication image analysis moments cell shape cell alignment cell orientation immunofluorescence actin microfilaments microtubules The problem of how cells align themselves in response...