Issues

Summary: The determination of the structure of FAT10 has advanced our understanding of this unique ubiquitin-like modifier. Here, the latest insights about the function of non-covalent binding and conjugation to recently identified substrates are reviewed.

Summary: Spermatogenesis in mammals is associated with developmental changes in mitochondrial structure and metabolism. Mitochondrial dynamics has emerged as a key factor regulating mammalian spermatogenesis.

Summary: An epidermolysis bullosa simplex-associated keratin mutation causes defects in mechanotransduction. Keratin networks regulate traction force generation through a Rho signaling pathway upstream of cell–ECM adhesion formation and organized cell migration.

Summary: PP2A-B55γ orchestrates mitotic spindle behavior by dephosphorylating NuMA.

Summary: The functional significance of different regions of Tim22 remains elusive. We find that conserved regions of Tim22 play distinct roles in associations with partner subunits, thereby maintaining carrier translocase integrity.

Summary: PP2A^Cdc55-dependent Pds1 dephosphorylation leads to a dissociation of Esp1 from Pds1 causing an inhibition of spindle elongation, which plays a role in replication stress.

Summary: Basal hypertonic stress induces stable domes by both the swelling of extracellular matrix and aquaporin water transport.

Summary: A new mechanism of abscission regulation is identified through the dynamic interactions between KIF4A and stathmin 1 as controlled by SUMO modification of KIF4A.

Summary: Changes in RGS4 expression alter levels of subendothelial, matrix-associated VWF, affecting platelet recruitment in a model of endothelial damage. This introduces a novel control over VWF function.

Summary: Pericentric heterochromatin is dispensable for centromere epigenetic memory, but is required to stabilize centromere protein levels and accurate mitotic segregation. Pericentric heterochromatin levels can also recover after severe depletion.

Summary: Cardiolipin stabilises the interaction of the mitochondrial ribosome with the membrane to enable insertion of newly synthesised mitochondrial proteins into the inner membrane and form the respiratory chain supercomplexes.

Summary: Live-cell de novo cargo trafficking has revealed that secretory cargo is capable of leaving the endoplasmic reticulum in COPII-uncoated Rab1-dependent vesicle carriers.

Highlighted Article: The RNA-binding protein Staufen1 mediates the localization of pre-ribosomal RNAs on mitotic spindle suggesting a novel role of Staufen1 in ribosome biogenesis and nucleoli reassembly.

Summary: Glycodelin-A is one of the key factors that induces the polarization of monocytes into decidual macrophages to regulate fetomaternal tolerance and placental development.

Summary: Two proteins found in the blood, BMP9 and BMP10, reduce the production of CCL2, a protein that recruits inflammatory cells to the blood vessel wall.

Summary: DALIS are cytoplasmic aggregates of ubiquitylated proteins and antigens in maturing dendritic cells. Ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 is shown to localise to DALIS and to be involved in their disassembly.

Summary: BRSK2 suppresses NRF2 signaling by inhibiting protein synthesis through mTOR downregulation.

Summary: A heterodimeric SNX4–SNX7 SNX-BAR complex regulates mammalian autophagosome assembly through the control of ATG9 trafficking.

Summary: A quantitative image-processing and machine learning-aided approach for the semi-automated analysis of centrosome amplification and MT organization defects in breast cancer cells.

Highlighted Article: Profiling histone modification dynamics during the cell cycle, in response to lysine demethylase overexpression and upon chemical inhibitor treatments.

Highlighted Article: A new three-dimensional in vitro model drives tubule morphogenesis with the addition of GDNF and demonstrates methods for interrogating the initiation of ADPKD cystogenesis.