Issues

Summary: The authors discuss advances in understanding the mechanisms of membrane perforation by the membrane attack complex, perforin and cholesterol-dependent cytolysin superfamily of pore-forming proteins.

Summary: Danon disease is a severe form of cardiomyopathy, and the molecular mechanisms involved in progression of the disease are poorly understood; however, perturbation of autophagy is likely to play a crucial role.

Highlighted Article: HES1 and HES5 are new regulators of chondrogenesis and chondrocyte hypertrophy during cartilage development, with HES5 playing a previously unidentified role in modulating Sox9 transcription.

Summary: GPR56 is an adhesion GPCR that we show interacts with heparin through heparin-interacting motifs. This interaction regulates cell adhesion, which has possible implications for diseases such as cancer.

Highlighted Article: MiD51 and Mff coordinate and regulate the action of Drp1 at the mitochondrial outer membrane during homeostatic mitochondrial fission, as assessed with gene-editing technology.

Summary: The miR-125a transferred from exosomes secreted by human-adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can repress DLL4 expression and modulate angiogenesis through promoting endothelial tip cell formation.

Highlighted Article: Excess Cu⁺ induces the transport of ATP7B from the TGN to the membrane of the bile canaliculus through basolateral sorting and transcytosis for biliary Cu⁺ excretion without lysosomal involvement.

Summary: ADAM10 determines the recruitment of pregranulosa cells and early folliculogenesis by regulating Notch signaling, which in turn controls the proliferation and differentiation of LGR5-positive progenitor cells in mice.

Highlighted Article: The function of the Bax- and Bak-related Bcl-2 protein Bok is still unknown. Deletion or overexpression of the Bok gene in ovarian carcinoma cells reveals a significant influence of Bok on the response to chemotherapy drugs.

Summary: The transcript variant ratio of SEPT8 is altered according to the Alzheimer's-disease-related neurofibrillary pathology. At the cellular level, SEPT8 modulates β-amyloidogenic processing of APP by affecting BACE1.

Summary: We describe a bilayered junction structure essential for organization of the synaptonemal complex. This structure is crucial for synapsis of homologous chromosomes and for chromosome segregation.

Summary: Hearing and balance rely on mechanosensory hair cell synaptogenesis. Our data shows that innervation is crucial for formation of ribbons, the scaffolding structures that tether synaptic vesicles at the presynaptic site of hair cells.

Summary: PAX5 enhances RIP1- and RIP2-mediated NF-κB activation through protein interactions, indicating a new role for PAX5 in regulating cell signaling.

Summary: GLUT4, a key player in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, is efficiently retained intracellularly, away from the cell surface. Here, we report the identification of a new retention motif.