... sequencing, we discovered dynamic changes in poly(A) length through deadenylation and re-polyadenylation. Deadenylation appeared to be mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs), and transcripts with shorter poly(A) tails tend to be sequestered into ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules for translational repression...

... development is affected by maternal conditions through microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of short noncoding RNAs. Here, we show that miR-129-5p and miR-340-5p suppress cell proliferation in both primary mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells and O9-1 cells, a neural crest cell line, through the regulation...

...Huanqing Zhang; Pei Zhuang; Ryan M. Welchko; Manhong Dai; Fan Meng; David L. Turner ABSTRACT The mammalian retina contains a complex mixture of different types of neurons. We find that microRNA miR-216b is preferentially expressed in postmitotic retinal amacrine cells in the mouse retina...

... defects. Here, we propose the first developmental stage-specific network approach by integrating two crucial regulators, transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), to study their co-regulation during craniofacial development. Specifically, we used TFs, miRNAs and non-TF genes to form feed-forward...

... Ltd 2020 http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: bmo-miR-2739 and novel-miR-167 are coordinately involved in regulating the stage- and tissue-specific expression of BmVgR protein to enable accumulation of yolk protein in oocytes during vitellogenesis. MicroRNA...

...Orkan Ilbay; Victor Ambros ABSTRACT MicroRNAs target complementary mRNAs for degradation or translational repression, reducing or preventing protein synthesis. In Caenorhabditis elegans , the transcription factor HBL-1 (Hunchback-like 1) promotes early larval (L2)-stage cell fates, and the let-7...

...Daria Bloch; Malikarjuna Rao Puli; Assaf Mosquna; Shaul Yalovsky ABSTRACT Patterning of the root xylem into protoxylem (PX) and metaxylem is regulated by auxin-cytokinin signaling and microRNA miR165a/166b -mediated suppression of genes encoding Class III HOMEODOMAIN LEU-ZIPPER (HD-ZIPIII) proteins...

... of the germ cell fate. Germ cell Germ plasm microRNA Transcriptional repression Maternal-to-zygotic transition In many animals, including Drosophila , Xenopus and zebrafish, germ cell specification and maintenance depends on maternally provided RNAs and proteins located in the germ plasm...

...Delfina A. Ré; Patricia L. M. Lang; Cristian Yones; Agustin L. Arce; Georgina Stegmayer; Diego Milone; Pablo A. Manavella ABSTRACT Plants use molecular mechanisms to sense temperatures, trigger quick adaptive responses and thereby cope with environmental changes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key...

... been extensively studied, little is known about its regulation at the post-transcriptional level. Using the migratory locust Locusta migratoria as a model system, we report here that the microRNAs let-7 and miR-278 bound to the Kr-h1 coding sequence and downregulated its expression. Application of let...

...Richard Kaschula; Sofia Pinho; Claudio R. Alonso ABSTRACT Disruptions of normal Hox gene expression can lead to severe morphological defects, revealing a link between the regulation of Hox expression and pattern formation. Here, we explore these links, focusing on the impact of microRNA regulation...

... cartilage volume is poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence that Erk signaling during synovial joint development determines articular cartilage thickness in adult mice. Articular cartilage Kras Erk let-7 Lin28 MicroRNA Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent...

...Moritz Sander; Teresa Eichenlaub; Héctor Herranz ABSTRACT Tissue growth has to be carefully controlled to generate well-functioning organs. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that modulate the activity of target genes and play a pivotal role in animal development. Understanding the functions...

..., highlighting recent studies that question the textbook model of axon guidance. Axon guidance Guidance cues Neural development Local translation MicroRNA Vesicular transport Neural circuits are the basis of neural function in health and disease, and the faulty assembly or disintegration...

... photoreceptor RTK signaling MicroRNA The Drosophila eye is a choice model system for studying cell fate specification owing to its highly stereotyped array of pattern elements. Each eye consists of ∼800 ommatidial units, each of which contains eight photoreceptors of distinct identities, four cone...

...Alireza Paikari; Cassandra D. Belair; Daniel Saw; Robert Blelloch The vertebrate-specific ESCC microRNA family arises from two genetic loci in mammals: miR-290/miR-371 and miR-302. The miR-302 locus is found broadly among vertebrates, whereas the miR-290/miR-371 locus is unique to eutheria...

... Article: New alleles of a wheat AP2 gene, Q , define new roles for Q in inflorescence architecture, including the formation and structure of grain-producing spikelets. See also Debernardi et al. in this issue. Wheat Spike Inflorescence AP2 Domestication microRNA The causal molecular...

...Elijah J. Spina; Elmer Guzman; Hongjun Zhou; Kenneth S. Kosik; William C. Smith Here we present a parallel study of mRNA and microRNA expression during oral siphon (OS) regeneration in Ciona robusta , and the derived network of their interactions. In the process of identifying 248 mRNAs and 15...

... , A. A. , Tomancak , P. , Patel , N. , Rubin , G. M. and Lai , E. C. ( 2005 ). Drosophila microRNAs exhibit diverse spatial expression patterns during embryonic development . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA   102 , 18017 - 18022 . 10.1073/pnas.0508823102 Albert , M. L. and Darnell , R. B...

...Amir Mizbani; Edlira Luca; Elisabeth J. Rushing; Jan Krützfeldt MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of skeletal muscle regeneration, but the underlying mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Here, comparative miRNA sequencing analysis of myogenic progenitor cells (MPs) and non...