...-26, Japan 19 06 1990 © 1990 by Company of Biologists 1990 Xenopus laevis mesoderm induction mesoderm-inducing factors morphogens XTC-MIF activin A WEHI 3 cells In vertebrates, mesoderm is formed through a series of inductive interactions that take place...

...J. C. Smith; K. Symes; R. O. Hynes; D. DeSimone Exposure of isolated Xenopus animal pole ectoderm to the XTC mesoderm-inducing factor (XTC-MIF) causes the tissue to undergo gastrulation-like movements. In this paper, we take advantage of this observation to investigate the control of various...

... been identified: the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and transforming growth factor β (TGF- β ) types. In this paper, we compare the effects of cloned Xenopus basic FGF (XbFGF) and electophoretically homogeneous XTC-MIF (a TGF- β -like factor obtained from a Xenopus cell line) on animal pole expiants...

...Jonathan Cooke ABSTRACT Certain proteins from ‘growth factor’ families can initiate mesodermal development in animal cap cells of the amphibian blastula. Cells that are in early stages of their response to one such factor, XTC-MIF ( Smith et al . 1988 ), initiate the formation of a new axial body...

... includes XTC-MIF, which is derived from the Xenopus XTC cell line ( Smith, 1987 ; Smith et al . 1988 ) and TGF-, β 2, obtained from pig platelets ( Rosa et al . 1988 ). TGF-β 1 has no mesoderm-inducing activity ( Slack et al . 1987 ; Kimelman & Kirschner, 1987 ), but it enhances the effect...

.... The evidence includes a discussion of the cell types formed in response to each type of factor, the fact that only XTC-MIF (a member of the TGF-β family) and not bFGF can induce animal pole ectoderm to become Spemann’s organizer, and an analysis of the timing of the gastrulation movements induced...