... their development. Primordial germ cell Gastruloid Embryo Stem cell Cell interactions Francis Crick Institute http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010438 Cancer Research UK http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000289 CC2186 Medical Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039...

... supporting non-neuronal cell types. Depending on both tissue type and integrity, the Notch signaling pathway can either positively or negatively regulate resident stem cell activity. Although Notch1 specifies HBC dormancy in the uninjured OE, little is known about how HBCs are influenced by the Notch pathway...

...William B. Tu; Heather R. Christofk; Kathrin Plath ABSTRACT Diet contributes to health at all stages of life, from embryonic development to old age. Nutrients, including vitamins, amino acids, lipids and sugars, have instructive roles in directing cell fate and function, maintaining stem cell...

...Phylis Hétié; Margaret de Cuevas; Erika L. Matunis ABSTRACT The adult Drosophila testis contains a well-defined niche created by a cluster of hub cells, which secrete signals that maintain adjacent germline stem cells and somatic cyst stem cells (CySCs). Hub cells are normally quiescent in adult...

...Anish Dattani; Tao Huang; Corin Liddle; Austin Smith; Ge Guo ABSTRACT Propagation of human naïve pluripotent stem cells (nPSCs) relies on the inhibition of MEK/ERK signalling. However, MEK/ERK inhibition also promotes differentiation into trophectoderm (TE). Therefore, robust self-renewal requires...

... of scientists due to ethical and practical limitations. Thankfully, pluripotent stem cells that resemble early developmental cell types possess the ability to mimic specific embryonic events. As such, murine and human stem cells have been leveraged by scientists to create in vitro models that aim...

...., 1997 ). PDL tissue attached to extracted human teeth has been analyzed extensively, and PDL stem cells (PDLSCs) with minimal stemness criteria ( Mao et al., 2012 ), including in vitro differentiation capacity to osteoblasts and ectopic bone formation by transplantation assays, have been widely used...

...Thai Q. Dao; Naama Weksler; Hannah M.-H. Liu; Samuel Leiboff; Jennifer C. Fletcher ABSTRACT The ability of plants to grow and form organs throughout their lifetime is dependent on their sustained stem cell activity. These stem cell populations are maintained by intricate networks of intercellular...

... oogenesis using the model insect Drosophila melanogaster . In adult females maintained at 18°C (cold) or 29°C (warm), relative to females at the 25°C control temperature, egg production was reduced through distinct cellular mechanisms. Chronic 18°C exposure improved germline stem cell maintenance, survival...

... cord regeneration. Here, using RNA-seq analysis, we discovered that the inhibition of miR-200a results in an upregulation of the classical mesodermal marker brachyury in spinal cord cells after injury. However, these cells still express the neural stem cell marker sox2 . In vivo cell tracking allowed...

... using BioRender.com. DRG, dorsal root ganglion; eEAN, extrinsic enteric-associated neurons; ENS, enteric nervous system; ISC, intestinal stem cells. At the time of birth or hatching, animals become exposed to new sources of microbes in their respective environments that can subsequently colonize...

..., suggesting the mechanisms underlying these processes differ between the sexes. One example of a sex difference in organ homeostasis and repair emerges from studies on intestinal stem cells (ISC) in the Drosophila melanogaster gut ( Ahmed et al., 2020 ; Hudry et al., 2016 ; Regan et al., 2016...

...Christa Buecker; Florian T. Merkle ABSTRACT The third ‘Symposium for the Next Generation of Stem Cell Research’ (SY-Stem) was held virtually on 3-5 March 2021, having been cancelled in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As in previous years, the meeting highlighted the work of early career...

...Laura Currey; Stefan Thor; Michael Piper ABSTRACT The balance between stem cell potency and lineage specification entails the integration of both extrinsic and intrinsic cues, which ultimately influence gene expression through the activity of transcription factors. One example of this is provided...

... in Drosophila , however, have begun to reveal new roles of nuclear receptor signaling in peripheral tissues in controlling reproduction. Here, we identified Hormone receptor 4 (Hr4) as an oogenesis regulator required in the ovary and muscles. Global Hr4 knockdown leads to increased germline stem cell (GSC) loss...

... regulates the initial emergence of medullary thymic epithelial sublineage, implicating Notch in the maintenance of primitive thymic epithelial progenitors and uncovering its cross-interaction with Foxn1. Thymus Thymic epithelial cell Stem cell Progenitor cell Lineage divergence Differentiation...

... polymerase II-dependent transcriptional processes. We found that the control of flower termination was not as robust as classically pictured. In angiosperms, the floral female organs, called carpels, display determinate growth: their development requires the arrest of stem cell maintenance. In vip3 mutant...

... rule . Nature   533 , 169 - 171 . 10.1038/533169a International Society of Stem Cell Research . ( 2016 ). Guidelines for Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation . International Society for Stem Cell Research . Kimmel , C. B. , Warga , R. M. and Schilling , T. F. ( 1990...

...Ying Mao; Renjun Tu; Yan Huang; Decai Mao; Zhihao Yang; Pik Ki Lau; Jinhui Wang; Jianquan Ni; Yusong Guo; Ting Xie ABSTRACT The niche controls stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in animal tissues. Although the exocyst is known to be important for protein membrane trafficking and secretion...

...Samip R. Bhattarai; Salma Begum; Rachel Popow; Ellen J. Ezratty ABSTRACT Arl/ARF GTPases regulate ciliary trafficking, but their tissue-specific functions are unclear. Here, we demonstrate that ciliary GTPase Arl3 is required for mitotic spindle orientation of mouse basal stem cells during skin...