..., for their proliferation and differentiation. We previously reported that somite-derived stromal cells were a key component of the CHT niche. Here, we found that the cell adhesion protein Protocadherin 18a (Pcdh18a) is expressed in the stromal cell progenitors (SCPs) emigrating from somites toward the future CHT. Deletion...

...Yukino Wada; Hikaru Tsukatani; Chihiro Kuroda; Yurika Miyazaki; Miku Otoshi; Isao Kobayashi ABSTRACT During development, the somites play a key role in the specification of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). In zebrafish, the somitic Notch ligands Delta-c (Dlc) and Dld, both of which are regulated...

... of the NT (apical) or between somites and the NT (basal grafts). After 1 day, there was no apparent reduction in the extent of Pax7 expression in the luminal grafts; and only a mild reduction in the intensity of Pax7 was observed ( Fig. 9 A,B). In contrast, Pax7 was dorsally restricted when facing the basal...

... in C). Since col1a2 + MPCs contribute to muscle growth, we next asked whether they also contribute to muscle regeneration. We performed needle injury experiments on muscles of col1a2 NTR-mCherry ; α-actin:GFP embryos ( Fig. 4 A). Fish were injured within a 1-2 somite area at 3 dpf...

...Kana Ishimatsu; Tom W. Hiscock; Zach M. Collins; Dini Wahyu Kartika Sari; Kenny Lischer; David L. Richmond; Yasumasa Bessho; Takaaki Matsui; Sean G. Megason ABSTRACT Little is known about how the sizes of animal tissues are controlled. A prominent example is somite size, which varies widely both...

... of Biologists Ltd 2017 Summary: This Review discusses the mechanisms that underpin the formation of skeletal muscle during development and its recapitulation from pluripotent stem cells in vitro . Skeletal myogenesis Muscle differentiation Paraxial mesoderm Somite Dermomyotome Muscular...

... contacts and creates directionally biased geometry. Here, we demonstrate that FN is deposited as pillars between widely separated germ layers, namely the somitic mesoderm and the endoderm, in quail embryos. Alongside the FN pillars, long filopodia protrude from the basal surfaces of somite epithelial cells...

... to altered cell polarity and/or changes in cell proliferation/differentiation. We show that the somite and sclerotome are specified appropriately, the transcriptional network that drives early chondrogenesis is intact, and that cell polarity within the sclerotome is unperturbed. We find that the key defect...

...Nathan P. Shih; Paul François; Emilie A. Delaune; Sharon L. Amacher The formation of reiterated somites along the vertebrate body axis is controlled by the segmentation clock, a molecular oscillator expressed within presomitic mesoderm (PSM) cells. Although PSM cells oscillate autonomously...

... extensions found in epithelial cells of the somites in chicken embryos. These filopodia-like protrusions span the subectodermal space overlying the dorsal surface of the somites and contact the ectoderm. We show that these protrusions are actin- and tubulin-positive and require Rac1 for their formation...

... , P. ( 1997 ). The PDGF alpha receptor is required for neural crest cell development and for normal patterning of the somites . Development 124 , 2691 - 2700 . Soriano , P. ( 1999 ). Generalized lacZ expression with the ROSA26 Cre reporter strain . Nat. Genet. 21 , 70 - 71...

...Olivier Serralbo; Christophe Marcelle In amniotes, it is widely accepted that WNTs secreted by the dorsal neural tube form a concentration gradient that regulates early somite patterning and myotome organization. Here we demonstrate in the chicken embryo that WNT protein is not secreted to act...

... inhibition of the BMP pathway promoted the development of chondrogenic mesoderm that displayed paraxial and somite gene expression patterns, activation of TGFβ signaling is required to specify the chondrocyte lineage ( Kramer et al., 2000 ; zur Nieden et al., 2005 ). Therefore, to generate chondrocytes from...

..., the transition into the growth phase of the myotome. All body muscles derive from segmentally arranged somites ( Christ and Scaal, 2008 ). These epithelial structures dissociate ventrally to form the sclerotome and medially to generate pioneer myocytes. By contrast, their epithelial aspect is preserved...

... the spontaneous medaka mutant Double anal fin ( Da ), which exhibits a mirror-image duplication of the ventral half across the lateral midline from larva to adult. Da is an enhancer mutant for zic1 and zic4 in which their expression in dorsal somites is lost. We show that the dorsoventral polarity in Da somites...

...Anja Hanisch; Maxine V. Holder; Suma Choorapoikayil; Martin Gajewski; Ertuǧrul M. Özbudak; Julian Lewis A gene expression oscillator called the segmentation clock controls somite segmentation in the vertebrate embryo. In zebrafish, the oscillatory transcriptional repressor genes her1 and her7...

... © 2012. Segmentation Somite Zebrafish Segmentation clock Her/Hes Dimer network Somitogenesis is the process of segmenting the vertebral and myogenic progenitors during vertebrate embryogenesis. The segmental pattern is generated in the presomitic mesoderm (PSM...

... ). Coherent development of dermomyotome and dermis from the entire mediolateral extent of the dorsal somite . Development 130 , 4325 - 4336 . Blumer J. B. , Kuriyama R. , Gettys T. W. , Lanier S. M. ( 2006 ). The G-protein regulatory (GPR) motif-containing Leu-Gly-Asn-enriched...

...Osnat Halperin-Barlev; Chaya Kalcheim Pioneer myoblasts generate the first myotomal fibers and act as a scaffold to pattern further myotome development. From their origin in the medial epithelial somite, they dissociate and migrate towards the rostral edge of each somite, from which differentiation...

...Susanne Theis; Ketan Patel; Petr Valasek; Anthony Otto; Qin Pu; Itamar Harel; Eldad Tzahor; Shahragim Tajbakhsh; Bodo Christ; Ruijin Huang In vertebrates, body musculature originates from somites, whereas head muscles originate from the cranial mesoderm. Neck muscles are located in the transition...