...Laura Thomas; Andrea Putnam; Andrew Folkmann ABSTRACT A hallmark of all germ cells is the presence of germ granules: assemblies of proteins and RNA that lack a delineating membrane and are proposed to form via condensation. Germ granules across organisms share several conserved components...

... of the distinct molecular mechanisms modulating BAF chromatin binding, including its combinatory assemblies, DNA/histone modification-binding modules and post-translational modifications, as well as its interactions with proteins, RNA and lipids. This Review aims to serve as a primer for future studies to decode...

... mammals, urges a rethinking of the nature of hereditary information carriers and the ways in which they encode heritable traits. In this short opinion piece, we discuss how potential hereditary information carriers such as DNA-associated proteins, epigenetic marks, RNAs and organelles could function via...

...David Israeli; Ronit Nir; Talila Volk Regulation of RNA metabolism plays a major role in controlling gene expression during developmental processes. The Drosophila RNA-binding protein Held out wing (HOW), regulates an array of developmental processes in embryonic and adult growth. We have...

...Sherri Evans Bergsten; Tao Huang; Seema Chatterjee; Elizabeth R. Gavis ABSTRACT Localization of nanos ( nos ) mRNA to the germ plasm at the posterior pole of the Drosophila embryo is essential to activate nos translation and thereby generate abdominal segments. nos RNA localization is mediated...

...Jian Zhang; Mary Lou King ABSTRACT An RNA localized to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes encodes a novel T-box protein (VegT) capable of inducing either dorsal or posterior ventral mesoderm at different times in development. VegT is a nuclear protein and its C-terminal domain can activate...

... male-specific lethal msl-2 DNA binding sex specification RNA In many species, sex is determined by differences in the number of copies of a single chromosome. In such cases, a process of dosage compensation may evolve to allow the different number of copies of genes in the two sexes...

... (SNuPE) assay, we found that the amount of Xist RNA in adult kidney of three mouse strains was less than ∼2000 transcripts per cell, with only modest differences between strains carrying different Xce alleles. Female embryos 7.5 days post coitum had the same number of Xist transcripts per cell...

... methods to examine expression of the murine Fgf-5 gene during embryogenesis. Fgf-5 RNA was detected at seven distinct sites in the developing mouse embryo: (1) postimplantation epiblast (embryonic day , (2) lateral splanchnic mesoderm , (3) lateral somatic mesoderm , (4) myotomes , (5) mastication muscle...

...Irene E. Schauer; William B. Wood We have developed a nucleotide incorporation assay for run-on transcription in C. elegans embryonic extracts as an approach to characterizing early transcription. The incorporation is primarily polymerase II-catalyzed RNA synthesis, producing transcripts...

... embryos by in situ hybridization using asymmetric RNA probes . Devi Biol. 101 , 485 – 502 . 10.1016/0012-1606(84)90162-3 Dale , L. , Smith , J. C. and Slack , J. M. W. ( 1985 ). Mesoderm induction in Xenopus laevis. A quantitative study using a cell lineage label and tissue...

...A. Whyte; H. J. Stewart ABSTRACT Blastocyst material was obtained from 25 pigs during the period 10 to 33 days post coitum , and fixed thin sections of tissue were hybridized in situ to sense and antisense fos RNA probes synthesized using the expression vector Bluescribe M13 + . Indirect...

.... A. ( 1985 ). U2 as well as U1 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins are involved in premessenger RNA splicing . Cell 42 , 737 – 750 . 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90270-3 Boggs , R. T. , Gregor , P. , Idriss , S. , Belote , J. M. & Mckeown , M. ( 1987 ). Regulation of sexual...

...Jacques Hourdry; Annie Brulfert; Michel Gusse; Damien Schoevaert; Michael V. Taylor; Marcel Mechali The expression of the proto-oncogene c-myc during oogenesis and embryonic development was followed by in situ hybridization using a cytological protocol adapted to amphibian embryos. The c-myc RNA...

... segments. Such embryos can be ‘rescued’, i.e. restored to normal development, by microinjection of cytoplasm or RNA from unirradiated donor embryos. Most of the rescued embryos look completely normal and many of them hatch spontaneously. The rescuing activity decreases from the anterior to the posterior...

.... that encoding the Nerve Growth Factor receptor, is strongly activated by the withdrawal of axons, and that this activation is largely independent of cAMP. 09 12 1987 © 1988 by Company of Biologists 1988 myelination Schwann cells gene expression cyclic AMP NGF RNA Many events...

... synthesized RNA, respectively. The label was localized in different structural components of developing nucleoli using electron microscopic autoradiography. Careful study of the relationship between the structural pattern and nucleic acid distribution made it possible to define four stages of embryonic...

...C. R. Kintner; D. A. Melton ABSTRACT We have isolated Xenopus laevis N-CAM cDNA clones and used these to study the expression of N-CAM RNA during neural induction. The results show that the first marked increase in N-CAM RNA levels occurs during gastrulation when mesoderm comes in contact...

... in medium ‘conditioned’ by normal anterior endoderm. Ribonuclease was shown to abolish the ability of endoderm-conditioned medium to induce cardiac muscle differentiation. The addition of RNA extracted from normal early embryonic anterior endoderm to organ cultures of mutant hearts stimulated...