... in the leftward curvature of the stomach. To elucidate the molecular events that shape this archetypal laterality, we performed transcriptome analyses of the left versus right sides of the developing stomach in frog embryos. Besides the known LR gene pitx2 , the only gene found to be expressed asymmetrically...

... that Pitx2 (the first transcriptional marker for tooth development) controls the embryonic formation and patterning of epithelial signaling centers during incisor development. We demonstrate using Krt14 Cre / Pitx2 flox/flox ( Pitx2 cKO ) and Rosa26 CreERT /Pitx2 flox/flox mice that loss of Pitx2 delays...

...Matthew C. Hill; Zachary A. Kadow; Lele Li; Tien T. Tran; Joshua D. Wythe; James F. Martin; Allon Klein; Barbara Treutlein ABSTRACT The Pitx2 gene encodes a homeobox transcription factor that is required for mammalian development. Disruption of PITX2 expression in humans causes congenital heart...

... tube itself. The left wall of the primitive stomach expands more than the right wall, as the left epithelium becomes more polarized and undergoes radial rearrangement. These asymmetries exist across several species, and are dependent on LR patterning genes, including Foxj1 , Nodal and Pitx2 . Our...

... epithelial overexpression partially rescues the tooth arrest in Sox2 conditional knockout mice. Mechanistically, Pitx2 and Sox2 interact physically and regulate Lef-1 , Pitx2 and Sox2 expression during development. Thus, we have uncovered a Pitx2-Sox2-Lef-1 transcriptional mechanism that regulates DESC...

... Pitx2 Epithalamus Left-right Parapineal Zebrafish The epithalamus is composed of the left and right habenulae, and the pineal complex, which is itself composed of the pineal gland and the parapineal nucleus ( Concha and Wilson, 2001 ). Although the habenulae link the anterior...

... rise to ameloblasts, which generate enamel, and little is known about the function of microRNAs in this process. Here, we describe the role of a novel Pitx2:miR-200c/141:noggin regulatory pathway in dental epithelial cell differentiation. miR-200c repressed noggin, an antagonist of Bmp signaling. Pitx2...

... for HH4; Fig. 1Ai-Ei for HH5). At HH6, the anterior head mesoderm expressed Pitx2 ( Fig. 1Aii ), the posterior head mesoderm Tbx1 ( Fig. 1Dii ). Twist was also expressed, with elevated levels in the posterior head mesoderm and the developing somites ( Fig. 1Eii ). Overall, expression was more...

... Jag2-mediated Notch signalling and transcription factors and growth factors. Analysis of lineage and differentiation marker genes, such as Pitx1 ( Mitsiadis and Drouin, 2008 ), Pitx2 ( Mitsiadis and Drouin, 2008 ; Mitsiadis et al., 1998b ; Mucchielli et al., 1997 ), Pax9 ( Peters et al., 1998...

... Shroom3 expression in the epidermis ( Fig. 6C,D ). Similar results were obtained with Pitx2 and Pitx3 ( Fig. 6E-H and data not shown). Moreover, ectopic Pitx expression in the epidermis resulted in ectopic pigment accumulation ( Fig. 6B,F ), a phenotype that is similar to that caused by ectopic...

... ovary. A possible role for estrogen in this asymmetric ovarian development has been proposed in the chick, but the mechanism underlying this process is largely unknown. Here, we identify the molecular mechanism responsible for this ovarian asymmetry. Asymmetric PITX2 expression in the left presumptive...

... for testis differentiation. We find that these L-R differences depend on the L-R asymmetry pathway that controls the situs of organs such as the heart and gut. Moreover, a key determinant of this, Pitx2 , is expressed asymmetrically, such that it is found only in the left gonad in both sexes from the start...

...Hidetaka Shiratori; Kenta Yashiro; Michael M. Shen; Hiroshi Hamada Pitx2 is expressed in developing visceral organs on the left side and is implicated in left-right (LR) asymmetric organogenesis. The asymmetric expression of Pitx2 is controlled by an intronic enhancer (ASE) that contains multiple...

... goal is to understand the molecular pathogenesis of cardiovascular defects in this syndrome. However, the molecular pathways of Tbx1 are still largely unexplored. Here, we show that Tbx1 is co-expressed with the bicoid -like homeodomain transcription factor Pitx2 in secondary heart field cells...

...Alexandre Marcil; Émilie Dumontier; Michel Chamberland; Sally A. Camper; Jacques Drouin Two closely related homeobox transcription factors, Pitx1 and Pitx2, have been implicated in patterning of lateral plate mesoderm derivatives: Pitx1 for specification of hindlimb identity and Pitx2...

... and paraxial mesoderm and observed a strong upregulation of Nodal and its target genes Pitx2 and Nkx3.2 . In addition Cfc , the Nodal type II receptor ActrIIa and Snr were found to depend on BMP signaling for their expression. Comparison of the expression domains of Nodal , Bmp2 , Car and Cfc revealed co...

... that exogenous application of BMP to the right LPM rapidly and consistently induced Nodal expression and subsequently that of Pitx2 . Increased BMP signaling in the left LPM also upregulated the normal Nodal and Pitx2 expression. Car , Snail and Cfc expression in the LPM were also positively...

...Hoonkyo Suh; Philip J. Gage; Jacques Drouin; Sally A. Camper Analysis of an allelic series in mice revealed that the Pitx2 homeobox gene is required at multiple stages of pituitary development. It is necessary for initiating expansion of Rathke’s pouch and maintaining expression of the fetal...

...Xueyan Yu; Tara R. St Amand; Shusheng Wang; Guangyu Li; Yanding Zhang; YuePing Hu; Lan Nguyen; MengSheng Qiu; YiPing Chen ABSTRACT Pitx2 , a bicoid -related homeobox gene, plays a crucial role in the left-right axis determination and dextral looping of the vertebrate developing heart. We have...

... upstream of asymmetric nodal related 1 ( Xnr1 ) and Pitx2 expression in L-R patterning. We report here that Zic3 carries the left-sided signal from the initial activin-like signal to determinative factors such as Pitx2 . Overexpression of Zic3 on the right side of the embryo altered the orientation...