... illustrate this notion with plants, where strikingly symmetric patterns (phyllotaxis) are formed by lateral organs. This Hypothesis article aims first to provide an accessible overview of phyllotaxis, and second to argue that the spiral patterns in plants are progressively canalized from local interactions...

... symmetric floral organ arrangements, which depends on the relative strength of dorsal-to-ventral inhibitions. CYCLOIDEA Bilateral symmetry Flower development Floral evolution Phyllotaxis Organ positioning Spatial positioning and number of organs (e.g. eyes, ears, nose and mouth...

... identified. Phyllotaxis, or the positioning of plant organs, has emerged as an excellent model system to study the self-organization of periodic patterns. At the macro scale, the regular spacing of organs on the growing plant shoot gives rise to the typical spiral and whorled arrangements of plant organs...

...Kateryna Fal; Mengying Liu; Assem Duisembekova; Yassin Refahi; Elizabeth S. Haswell; Olivier Hamant In plants, aerial organs are initiated at stereotyped intervals, both spatially (every 137° in a pattern called phyllotaxis) and temporally (at prescribed time intervals called plastochrons...

... meristem size, morphology and organization in the Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem. MIR166 Organizing center Phyllotaxis Stem cells WUSCHEL In plants, all above-ground organs develop post-embryonically from a small group of pluripotent stem cells that reside at the shoot tips...

...Yamini Deb; Dominik Marti; Martin Frenz; Cris Kuhlemeier; Didier Reinhardt ABSTRACT The spatial arrangement of leaves and flowers around the stem, known as phyllotaxis, is controlled by an auxin-dependent reiterative mechanism that leads to regular spacing of the organs and thereby to remarkably...

...Jan Traas The precise arrangement of plant organs, also called phyllotaxis, has fascinated scientists from multiple disciplines. Whereas early work focused on morphological observations of phyllotaxis, recent findings have started to reveal the mechanisms behind this process, showing how molecular...

... is referred to as phyllotaxis, is generated through the precise emergence of lateral organs and is controlled by gradients of the plant hormone auxin. This pattern is actively maintained during stem growth through controlled cell proliferation and elongation. The formation of new organs is known to depend...

..., the phyllotaxis of mir164abc triple-mutant plants was severely disrupted( Fig. 2 , and see Fig. S3 in the supplementary material ). In wild-type plants, flower primordia are successively initiated on the flanks of the inflorescence meristem, so that an incipient primordium is initiated in a position...

...Didier Reinhardt; Martin Frenz; Therese Mandel; Cris Kuhlemeier Leaves are arranged according to regular patterns, a phenomenon referred to as phyllotaxis. Important determinants of phyllotaxis are the divergence angle between successive leaves, and the size of the leaves relative to the shoot axis...

... organ formation and phyllotaxis, and here we present a detailed analysis of the molecular modifications at the shoot apex caused by the mutation. We show that meristem structure and function are not severely affected in the mutant. Major alterations, however, are observed at the periphery of the pin1...