... and discusses new insights into their role in the pathogenesis of solid cancers. Cell cycle Embryogenesis Epigenetic modification of chromatin MEIS PBX Post-transcriptional and posttranslational control Solid cancer Ever since their discovery, MEIS (myeloid ectopic viral integration site...

... Article: The development of protrusions, such as eminences and condyles, along long bones in mice is coordinated by a patterning mechanism involving global and regional genetic regulation. Cartilage Patterning Morphology Superstructure Sox9 Scleraxis Modularity Gli3 Pbx Hox Mouse...

..., dorsal-ventral and medial-lateral axes. Wnt and several Hox genes are expressed at the posterior pole, whereas Wnt inhibitory genes, Fgf inhibitory genes, and prep , which encodes a TALE-family homeodomain protein, are expressed at the anterior pole. We found that Smed-pbx ( pbx for short), which encodes...

... controlling limb morphogenesis have limited influence on scapula formation. Analysis of mouse mutants for Pbx and Emx2 genes has suggested their potential roles in girdle development. In this study, by generating compound mutant mice, we examined the genetic control of scapula development by Pbx genes...

... in the hindbrain between E7.5 and E9.5. Arrowheads mark the dorsal end of the neural tube. Fig. 6. Pbx1 transcriptional complexes activate the Pax3 promoter and are required for repression of Msx2 expression. ( A )Schematic of the mouse Pax3 promoter showing the location of Pbx,Meis and Hox...

... myogenic program is modulated to achieve muscle fiber-type-specific gene expression. Pbx homeodomain proteins mark promoters of a subset of Myod target genes,including myogenin ( Myog ); thus, Pbx proteins might modulate the program of myogenesis driven by Myod. By inhibiting Pbx function in zebrafish...

...Gianluca Deflorian; Natascia Tiso; Elisabetta Ferretti; Dirk Meyer; Francesco Blasi; Marino Bortolussi; Francesco Argenton In this study we analysed the function of the Meinox gene prep1.1 during zebrafish development. Meinox proteins form heterotrimeric complexes with Hox and Pbx members...

... ). This function appears to be conserved in the mammalian homologs of Exd, the Pbx proteins( Peltenburg and Murre, 1997 ; Phelan et al., 1995 ). A third homeobox gene, Meis1 , was discovered as an ecotropic retroviral insertion site in mice ( Moskow et al., 1995 ), where its overexpression in conjunction...

... propose revising the vertebrate nomenclature to reflect phylogenetic relationships among the Dlx genes. *Author for correspondence (e-mail: gepangan@facstaff.wisc.edu ) 5 7 2002 © 2002. 2002 Distal-less Dlx extradenticle homothorax Meis Msx Pbx Antenna...

...Seong-Kyu Choe; Nikolaos Vlachakis; Charles G. Sagerström Meis homeodomain proteins function as Hox-cofactors by binding Pbx and Hox proteins to form multimeric complexes that control transcription of genes involved in development and differentiation. It is not known what role Meis proteins play...

..., and probably function by revealing the intrinsic specificity of Hox proteins. Vertebrate orthologs of Exd and Hth, known as Pbx and Meis (named for a myeloid ecotropic leukemia virus integration site), respectively, are encoded by multigene families and are present in multimeric complexes together...

... of Hoxa3 expression through a conserved auto/cross-regulatory loop. This block of similarity is also present in the human and horn shark loci, and contains two bipartite Hox/Pbx-binding sites that are necessary for its in vivo activity in the hindbrain. These HOX/PBC sites are positioned near a conserved...

... of lab550 (but not lab48/95) there are other factors that stabilize HTH binding, even in the absence of an optimal HTH binding site. How general is the Hox protein complex? One piece of suggestive evidence is that MEIS and PBX proteins seem to be complexed with each other in mammalian cells ( Chang et...

... or its vertebrate homologs, the pbx proteins (together, the PBC family). Here we show that a two basepair change in a Hox-PBC binding site switches the Hox-dependent expression pattern generated in vivo, from labial to Deformed . The change in vivo correlates with an altered Hox binding specificity...

...Lucy T. C. Peltenburg; Cornelis Murre ABSTRACT Two classes of homeodomain proteins, Hox and Engrailed, have been shown to act in concert with the atypical homeodomain proteins Pbx and extradenticle. We now show that specific residues located within the Pbx homeodomain are essential for cooperative...