.... F. and Behringer , R. R. ( 1995 ). twist is required in head mesenchyme for cranial neural tube morphogenesis . Genes Dev.   9 , 686 - 699 . 10.1101/gad.9.6.686 Christodoulou , N. and Skourides , P. A. ( 2015 ). Cell-autonomous Ca2+ flashes elicit pulsed contractions...

.... The expression patterns were similar in inhibitor-treated embryos and DMSO-treated controls, but the expression domains were wider in the inhibitor-treated embryos because of delayed NTC. Fig. 1. Intracellular Ca2+ is required for Xenopus NTC. (A) Dorsal views of embryos at stage 16 treated with DMSO, 25 µM...

... is Ca2+i independent and does not cause Ca2+i release. (A) Proportion of oocytes undergoing mII exit (Pb2 extrusion) after incubation for 20 minutes in KSOM with (+BAPTA) or without 50 μM BAPTA prior to ICSI or to exposure to 10 mM SrCl2 (Sr), 7% (v/v) ethanol (EtOH) or 100 μM TPEN as indicated. Numbers...

.... Fig. 3. Reduced Ca2+ wave causes egg activation defects in brom bones that is rescued by either Ca2+ or IP3.(A) Representative profiles of luminescence from aequorin-loaded zebrafish eggs (red: strongly affected brom bones mutant egg; blue:moderately affected mutant egg; green: mildly affected mutant...

... intermediate between those of the tightly coupled budding yeast (C)and the loosely coupled Drosophila embryo (D). Zygotic polarization and cell cycle progression in F. serratus are coordinated by Ca2+ dependent processes, but there is no dependence of the cell cycle on polarization. (C) In budding yeast, cell...

... (second arrow). Fig. 6. Absence of MAPK activity and IP3R1 MPM2 phosphorylation influences the ability of mouse eggs to mount oscillations and affects IP3R1 function. (A)[Ca2+]iresponses induced by SrCl2 (10 mM) and (B) PLCζ (0.1μg/μl) were compared in oocytes matured in the absence (left panels...

... mutants. Shot L(A) contains an N-terminal actin-binding domain (ABD, black box), a central rod domain consisting of a plakin-like region (gray box), 22 spectrin repeats (hatched box), and a C-terminal domain with Ca2+- (EF-hand) and microtubule- (GAS2) binding motifs. Shot L(C)-GFP contains no ABD and has...

... and that this sperm must have formed a permeability pathway to the egg cytosol whereas the other sperm did not. The sequence of images in C shows the propagation of the Ca2+ transient (fertilization wave) which follows sperm fusion. The sperm head is clearly seen at the arrow. The time course of propagation...

... ionophore. Approximately 1 hour later the oocytes were incubated with fura 2 for 25 minutes. Changes in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+] i ) were then monitored as shown. 100 μM thimerosal (solid bar) and 8 mM DTT (open bar) were added as indicated. Activation by ionophore does not elicit...