... diseases is treated using bone-grafting techniques that suffer from numerous shortcomings and contraindications. Zebrafish naturally heal large injuries to mandibular bone, offering an opportunity to understand how to boost intrinsic healing potential. Using a novel her6:mCherry Notch reporter, we show...

...Rosalind G. Bump; Camille E. A. Goo; Emma C. Horton; Jeffrey P. Rasmussen ABSTRACT Skeletal elements frequently associate with vasculature and somatosensory nerves, which regulate bone development and homeostasis. However, the deep, internal location of bones in many vertebrates has limited in vivo...

...Jennyfer M. Mitchell; Juliana Sucharov; Anthony T. Pulvino; Elliott P. Brooks; Austin E. Gillen; James T. Nichols ABSTRACT During craniofacial development, different populations of cartilage- and bone-forming cells develop in precise locations in the head. Most of these cells are derived from...

... pigmentation. Zebrafish csf1r Osteoclast Bone Pigment Evolution Paralogous genes, or cases of close gene copies due to duplication, represent a unique case in which to study changes in gene function throughout evolution ( Ohno, 1970 ). Related genes, arisen from a whole-genome duplication...

... ). Analyses of the promoters of each of the RUNX members have revealed the presence of consensus RUNX binding sites, raising the possibility of auto-regulatory loops ( Ghozi et al., 1996 ), which was originally confirmed for Runx2 in the context of bone formation ( Drissi et al., 2000 ; Ducy et al., 1999...

...Pengfei Xu; Bartosz Balczerski; Amanda Ciozda; Kristin Louie; Veronika Oralova; Ann Huysseune; J. Gage Crump ABSTRACT Facial form depends on the precise positioning of cartilage, bone, and tooth fields in the embryonic pharyngeal arches. How complex signaling information is integrated to specify...

... . 10.1006/dbio.1998.9016 Kimmel , C. B. , Ullmann , B. , Walker , M. , Miller , C. T. and Crump , J. G. ( 2003 ). Endothelin 1-mediated regulation of pharyngeal bone development in zebrafish . Development   130 , 1339 - 1351 . 10.1242/dev.00338 Kurihara , Y...

... hypothetical mechanism accounting for mutant phenotypic variation is progenitor cells variably choosing between two alternative fates during development. Zebrafish mef2ca b1086 mutants develop tremendously variable ectopic bone in their hyoid craniofacial skeleton. Here, we report evidence that a key component...

...Kishor K. Sivaraj; Ralf H. Adams In addition to their conventional role as a conduit system for gases, nutrients, waste products or cells, blood vessels in the skeletal system play active roles in controlling multiple aspects of bone formation and provide niches for hematopoietic stem cells...

... of proliferation, preosteoblasts redifferentiate to produce new bone. Blastema formation and proliferation are driven by the continued synthesis of retinoic acid (RA). Here, we find that osteoblast dedifferentiation and redifferentiation are inhibited by RA signaling, and we uncover how the bone regenerative...

... remains to be understood about vertebral development and evolution. Particular controversy surrounds whether vertebral component structures are homologous across vertebrates, how somite and vertebral patterning are connected, and the developmental origin of vertebral bone-mineralizing cells. Here, we...

...Paolo Bianco; Pamela G. Robey Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) reside in the postnatal bone marrow and give rise to cartilage, bone, hematopoiesis-supportive stroma and marrow adipocytes in defined in vivo assays. These lineages emerge in a specific sequence during embryonic development and post natal...

...Karina Geurtzen; Franziska Knopf; Daniel Wehner; Leonie F. A. Huitema; Stefan Schulte-Merker; Gilbert Weidinger Zebrafish have an unlimited capacity to regenerate bone after fin amputation. In this process, mature osteoblasts dedifferentiate to osteogenic precursor cells and thus represent...

...Gabrielle Kardon In March 2011, researchers met for the second Batsheva Seminar on Integrative Perspectives on the Development of the Musculoskeletal System. This meeting was a unique opportunity for researchers working on muscle, connective tissue, tendons, ligaments and bone to discuss...

... to direct adipocyte differentiation at the expense of osteoblast formation. In addition, we identify two distinct roles for RA in the osteoblast lineage: an early role in blocking the recruitment of osteoblasts and a later role in mature osteoblasts to promote bone matrix synthesis. These findings might...

...Kyu Sang Joeng; Fanxin Long Indian hedgehog (Ihh) critically regulates multiple aspects of endochondral bone development. Although it is generally believed that all Ihh functions are mediated by the Gli family of transcription activators and repressors, formal genetic proof for this notion has...

...Kathrin Laue; Martina Jänicke; Nikki Plaster; Carmen Sonntag; Matthias Hammerschmidt Skeletal syndromes are among the most common birth defects. Vertebrate skeletogenesis involves two major cell types: cartilage-forming chondrocytes and bone-forming osteoblasts. In vitro, both are under...

... differentiation,Gli3 seems to position the domain of PTHrP expression. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: andrea.vortkamp@uni-due.de ) 26 9 2005 ©2005. 2005 Indian hedgehog (Ihh) Gli3 Gli2 Gli1 PTHrP (Pthlh) Chondrocyte Cartilage Bone Endochondral ossification...

... Ihh Gli3 PTHrP (Pthlh) Wnt β-Catenin Cartilage Bone Vascularization Mouse Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signaling is indispensable for proper development of the endochondral skeleton. In the developing cartilage, Ihh is primarily expressed by prehypertrophic chondrocytes (chondrocytes...

..., and cartilage abnormalities in the basicranium, nasal turbinates and trachea. In addition, from the mutant long bones, in vitro cell cultures grown in osteogenic medium revealed chondrocytes, which were absent in the controls. Our results suggest that altered cartilage and bone development play a significant...